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foodpolitics

The End of Brick and Mortar Retail

And the Rise of Urban Agriculture

Out of Business BlockbusterAmazon etc. are supplanting big box stores. That's a lot of indoor and outdoor space right near where people live, tally up the square footage from rooftop, to sales floor, to parking lot, now available for better things like farming or community spaces.

Unlike some environmental blogs I read, I don't think that peak-oil or environmental concerns pose such a certain threat to big, remote agribusiness. By alternative energies or by organic or semi-organic means, large-scale production and distribution would still be viable in a post-peak oil economy. Organic or semi-organic agriculture on a huge scale, shipped by rail to grocery stores would probably still function. Cities relied on thousand-plus food mile logistics back in the days before internal combustion, we can return to that.

The biggest threat to agribusiness is the agitation by consumers for higher quality. As eaters demand better produce and budget more of their household spending power to sustain a vegetable-focused healthy diet, the superscale, mass-production model premised on distant farms and long-range shipping will face partial disruption. New markets will grow for fresher and better produce, at higher prices -- more like those you find in Japan or other cultures where food is highly prized for its taste, quality, and sensual experience value.

Thousand Pound Pumpkins

Record PumpkinThe October issue of Smithsonian magazine has a fantastic feature article on competitive vegetable growing and its history. I highly recommend taking 20 minutes to read it and flip through the additional photos - you will not believe the size of some of these vegetables!
Competitive vegetable growing has exploded as a hobby in recent years. From 1903-1976, a 403 lb. pumpkin held the world record. In the last 45 years, that record has more than quadrupled; the current world record holder is a whopping 1810.5 lbs, grown by Chris Stevens of Wisconsin in 2010. Experts predict that the elusive one-ton pumpkin will be grown by 2014...and we thought Lara's pumpkin was big!

Occupying LA Landscapes

Occupy Wall Street and the Food Movement

Occupy Los AngelesKristin Waltman at Civil Eats wrote an interesting post yesterday connecting Occupy Wall Street to the food movement. She argued, "this could be a catalyzing moment for the food movement with a real chance for average Americans to see and hear the connection between corporate control of the food supply and our nation’s health crisis."

Yesterday I asked a friend what he thought of Occupy Wall Street. After a pause, he said that had mixed feelings. On the one hand, he was excited to see the grassroots momentum that it had generated. On the other hand, he was concerned that the movement had yet to identify concrete actions that would address the economic and social justice issues that motivated the protesters. 

In Search of Gilroy Garlic

The Economics of Great Food

Gilroy Garlic FestivalPatt Morrison did a wonderful interview with Nancy Silverton, co-owner of Pizzeria Mozza and founder of La Brea Bakery. As they were discussing the importance of sourcing local food, a caller asked why she so frequently encountered garlic imported from Mexico at the store when California is the home to Gilroy, the garlic capital of the world. 

This counter-intuitive result can at least partially be attributed to the "Shipping the Good Apples Out" theory coined by two UCLA professors, Alchian and Allen, in 1964. Their theory is based on the assumption that consumers make purchasing decisions based more on relative differences between two items than the absolute dollar difference between those items. For example, a jump from $1 to $2 will be more intimidating than the jump from $3 to $4, since the former constitutes a 100% increase in price while the latter is only a 33% increase. 

Applying this behavioral tendency to produce, they find that the best food tends to get shipped out of the area where it is produced. Why? Because more distant markets are already paying a premium for shipping, meaning that paying a little bit extra for higher quality produce doesn't seem like as big an investment. Meanwhile, consumers in the local market (e.g. apples in Washington or garlic in California) expect it to be cheap, so they are less likely to spring for premium product. Thus, Gilroy's garlic gets shipped out while Californians consume cheaper garlic from Mexico. 

Contrasting Perspectives on Organic Agriculture

Organic StrawberriesThe Rodale Institute published a report celebrating the 30th anniversary of their side-by-side experiment comparing organic and conventional agricultural systems. The 13-page report is a treasure trove of data filled with impressive findings: organic yields are higher on average (by 1.4%), profits are nearly three times as great, energy use is 30% lower and greenhouse gas emissions are 35% lower. They also found that organic cultivation had effectively built substantially more organic matter in the soil, resulting in improved fertility and decreased water use; the latter meant that organic plots did substantially (30%) better in drought years. 

Meanwhile, NPR's Marketplace reminded us why it's important to distinguish organic certification from truly organic production. Their story focused on organic production of strawberries in particular. Now that organic strawberry seedlings are not readily available, growers are permitted to use conventionally grown seedlings and call the resulting fruit organic as long as their farm only uses organic growing methods. Last December, I wrote about some of the limits of organic certification, and this latest story can be added to the list. 

Strawberry photo from Flickr user johnny.hunter. Creative Commons